Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento para lixiviados del cantón La Concordia de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

Abstract

A treatment system for the lixiviads for the La Concordia Canton of the Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas was designed to minimize contamination.For its development, an initial characterization was caried out to establish the parameters not considered in the norm, which were DQO, DBO5, ammonium nitrogen , total solids , foecal and total colliforms. In the first place the biodegraging index was calculated , with a 0.226 value which defines a Physical and Chemical treatment; for this reason three treatments were carried out, which consist of: treatment 1, of physical-chemical character ; treatment 2 , combined previous aireation followed by the physical-chemical and , treatment 3 , application of microorganisms in an aerobic reactor.The removal percentage was: for the DQO 2.38% and DBO5 a 50%, treatment 2 a DQO with 8.04% and DBO5 with 31.87%.Finally treatment 3, a 92.86% removal for the DQO and 77.63% for the DBO5 were observed. According to the above the third treatment was chosen as the most efficient and adequate to conduct the design .For the application of the microorganisms a 5% concentration of EM-1 in latent state, 5% molasses, 90% water for its activation was carried out . From this solution an optimum dosage of 1:1000 ml was given to the lixiviads in the aerobic tank. Finally the design parameters were chosen in the following way: reception tanks for storage and distribution of lixiviads, a aerobic type biological reactor, a secondary sedimenter and mud collection tank.