Factores de riesgo, comorbilidades y desarrollo de fibrilación auricular en el Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba mayo 2017-abril 2018

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, leading to high morbidity and mortality, and one problem to consider is subclinical disease, in other words, asymptomatic patients. The study tries to group in symptomatic and asymptomatic people, and later to identify the most prevalent risk factors, in order to propose a risk profile. The research is descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, carried out in the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba, from May 1st, 2017 to April 25th, 2018. Clinical records with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation were reviewed and a database was used. It elaborated by the author. A total of 52 stories were obtained, of which 73, 08% are symptomatic, the age of highest prevalence is 71-80 years and older than 80 years, arterial hypertension and heart failure become the main factors of Risks to be considered both in asymptomatic and symptomatic people, having a high percentage in both groups. The risk factors that have greater relevance within the symptomatic group are: pulse pressure> 0 = 50 mm Hg, hypercholesterolemia, syndrome, metabolic, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity. In the asymptomatic group, it has more relevant: kidney failure and overweight. When analyzing the association of having some risk factor for the development or not of symptomatology, it can be shown that no factor is predictable of symptoms, with the exception of overweight and renal insufficiency ( value p 0.042 and 0.01 respectively), and it could see that these groups have presented asymptomatically predominantly. This demonstrates the importance of the risk factors in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups to take a closer clinical attitude. It is recommended the analysis of the independence of the variables, as well as the employment of a larger population.