Medición de los niveles de ruido ambiental en la zona urbana de la ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

In the present research, environmental noise levels were evaluated in seven fields of study in the urban area of the city of Riobamba. To monitor the environmental noise, an observational analysis of the city was carried out, finding 21 points to be monitored. Depending on the planimetry of the city of Riobamba, land use and occupation with its respective coordinates was classified in each point; afterwards, it was chosen a method and a measurement equipment that fulfil the regulation implemented in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment (TULSMA) (Book VI annex 5). A statistical of the data was developed, identifying the zones that generate the highest level of environmental noise. Finally, a trend map of the noise levels was elaborated in each field of study. As a result of the evaluation of the seven fields of study it was found that 9.52% of the evaluated population is exposed to light noise levels between 60.01 and 65 dB, 4.76% exposed to annoying noise levels of 65.01 to 69 dB, 57.14% are exposed to very annoying noise levels of 69.01 to 75 dB and 28.57% of the evaluated population is exposed to dangerous noise levels that exceed 75.01 to 80 dB. In all the evaluated points, the noise values are high and constant that exceed the limits established for each zone according to the TULSMA, the main source of noise generation in these points is the large influx of heavy vehicles, interprovincial buses, cantonal transport, urban buses and construction vehicles that circulate throughout the day, which produces vibrations and an excess of noise primarily in the main avenues. The investigation must be socialized with the regulatory entities, which are responsible for the monitoring and control of environmental noise in the city of Riobamba.