Dosimetría con fantoma antropomorfo para diagnostico en tumores de cabeza y cuello con radiofármacos marcados con Tc99m.

Abstract

The aim of the research work was to determine the dosimetry with the anthropomorphic phantom for the diagnosis of head and neck tumors in the Nuclear Medicine Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Hospital. For this study, a procedure was developed for the determination of the absorbed dose in target organs with Tc99m in the head and neck, for this purpose an anthropomorphic phantom was used that was acquired from the Departament of Control and Nuclear Applications (SCAN), where it is considered that the material proper to said phantom has the same mass density as the human tissue presented in axial sections that allowed ud to find a dose profile; we used a Tc99m radionuclide that served as a radiotracer for the diagnosis of tumors. The values obtained of absorbed dose were obtained from the International Medical Radiation Dose (MIRD) method and the attenuation coefficient method with the distributed source, which were compared with the limits established by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The results show that the absorbed doses in target organs were 0,0015 mGy for brain and 0,0040 mGy for thyroid, which are within the limits reported by the ICRP. It is recommended to generalize the dosimetry using the anthropomorphic phantom for the diagnosis in the thorax and abdomen for clinical study, a necessary and important requirement for the Nuclear Medicine Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Hospital for a large number of patients who turn to this unit.