Acaricidas sintéticos y naturales para el control de varroa destructor en colmenas apis mellifera

Abstract

In the Apiary of Tunshi Experimental Station belonging to Animal Science Faculty of Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo located at 12 kilometer of the track Riobamba – Licto. The acaricide effect of three organic products were investigated (oxalic acid, essential oil of rosemary and diatoms), in front of a control group without application on bees Apis mellifera, using a Completely Random Design. During 14 days of application of the treatments in beehives of Langstroth type. They were conformed by a height, which was developed during 60 days of experimentation. At the end of the experiment the best acaricides responses were determined in beehives supplied Oxalic Acid and Max Fortifying Slice. Through which the best efficiency averages were reached in the control of Varroasis (50.39, 44.08 %), lower number of varroa droppings/day (1.80, 1.67 varroa), lower percentages of infestation both in adult bees (2.61, 2.88 %) and in operculated brood (2.65, 4.76 %), as well as the best weights (23.21, 20.64 kg) and the lowest costs per hive treated of 5.87 and 5.48 USD respectively. It is recommended to use oxalic acid and slice max fortifying in the control of Varroa destructor. In addition to being more advanced in new research with these products in aspects such as: dosage, intervals between the application and the search for new cleaning methods in order to obtain better results.