Diseño y construcción de una cocina electro solar.

Abstract

This work aims at designing and building an electro solar cooker as an alternative to cooking food. The electro solar cooker has a box-type structure, rectangular, prismatic made up of steel on its base, glass wool internally and aluminum panels ASTM A 1100 which are used of reflectors to capture higher radiation. Its inside is covered by black metallic plates, performing the function of radiation absorption and its cover is of tempered glass which enables the heat energy passage and avoids heat gain dissipation by convection. It consists of an auxiliary cooking system made up of an electrical resistance with a power of 1000W used when there would be low radiation levels. The information is processed through the analytical synthetic method identifying techniques and materials of the heat transfer for the use of solar energy by which, it is proposed a combined design of energy accumulation and concentration. The integrated design method is used for the concept design to determine the useful energy. The statistical records of Riobamba city in the last four years developed by the meteorological station of ESPOCH were taken for the calculation of sunlight. The experimental method is implemented for the evaluation of the cooking system. The electro solar cooker raises the temperature inside to 113°C approximately when there is the highest solar radiation index and 123°C when the electrical system starts working, suitable temperatures for cooking food. It is recommended in later investigations redesign the heat transfer area, as well as the change of reflective materials by stainless steel ASTM A240/480 to improve the performance and operation of the equipment.