Prevalencia de anemia y factores de riesgos asociados en los estudiantes de octavo a tercer año de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Carlos María de la Condamine cantón Pallatanga, provincia de Chimborazo.” régimen costa periodo 2017-2018.

Abstract

This research has was to objective to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors in students of eight and third year of baccalaureate in the Educational Unit Carlos Maria de la Condamine, Pallatanga Canton, Chimborazo Province. The study was developed in teenagers with ages among 11 and 19 years old, in a population of 206 students, with the informed agreement of each person data of age, anthropometric measures; weight, height were collected, blood samples were extracted which were taken witch the appropriate biosecurity standards; to the being carried in an adequate way and process them in the Biochemical and Bacteriological Analysis Laboratory of the Sciences Faculty of Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, making test of blood biometry in a manual way. A statistical analysis of reduction of measurements through a lineal general univariant model was developed to verify the existent relation between them. The results show that the higher prevalence of anemia appeared in the groups of ages of 14-16 years old (24%), the gender with highest number of cases of anemia was in male teenagers with the highest number of cases of anemia was in male teenagers with the 56,25% were was concluded that the total prevalence of population with anemia was of 23,3% and the parameters that determine the anemia´s rate (hematocrit and hemoglobin) correspond to the 34% or the total teen population. The risk factors associated with anemia are because of anthropometric measures like low weight 29%, another factor is intestinal parasitism with the 24,8% of altered eosinophils found in the blood test. It is recommended to impart information on hygiene habits and consume healthy foods of animal and vegetable origin containing iron to maintain a balanced diet in the adolescent population to avoid the triggering of risk factors that predispose to anemia.