Determinación de actividad inhibitoria de acetilcolinesterasa y butirilcolinesterasa del extracto de alcaloides de Phaedranassa cinérea.

Abstract

The objective of the study was to fine-tune the method of Ellman et al., Described by López in 2002 for the determination of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and to quantify such activity in an extract of bulb alkaloids of Phaedranassa cinerea, using galantamine as reference; besides identifying the alkaloids present in P. cinerea by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The plant family Amaryllidaceae produces isoquinolinic type alkaloids, pharmacologically active, galantamine being the most interesting for its use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease as an inhibitor of AChE and BuChE. The vegetal material was collected in the sector of the Salsipuedes bridge Pallatanga, belonging to the province of Chimborazo, in March 2017. The extraction of alkaloids was carried out by means of a protocol based on the pH change thanks to the chemical nature of these compounds. The alkaloids identified in the P.cinerea stratum were: Galantamine, N-formylnorgalantamine, Pancratinin, C and Ndemethylgalantamine; in order of abundance. By means of the fine-tuned method, it was determined that the IC50 of the stratum, inhibiting AChE, was 37,600 ± 0.097, compared to that of galantamine, which was 0.869 ± 0.172; while the IC50 of the extract inhibiting AChE and BuChE was of 108.505 ± 8.978, against that of galantamine that was of 17.232 ± 2.884. It is concluded, therefore, that pure galantamine has a superior activity in the inhibition of polynethrene, compared to the obtained extract. It is recommended to carry out complementary studies without neglecting their conservation.