Determinación de la prevalencia de enfermedades diarreicas agudas (EDA) – infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA), en relación con las prácticas alimentarias e higiénicas de niños-as menores a 5 años, que acuden a consulta externa en el Hospital Pediátrico Alfonso Villagómez - Riobamba 2015.

Abstract

Infectious diseases are the big gap in mortality in children concurring the cause of infection the germs found in the environment. The objective was to determine the prevalence of EDAS - IRAS in relation to food and hygiene practices of infant under 5 years old, attending outpatient at Children's Hospital "ALFONSO VILLAGOMEZ". Being a descriptive study design, no experimental cross-sectional; in which 75 children under 5 years participated; general characteristics of the infant and the mothers, food and hygiene practices were recorded; analyzed using JMP 5.1 program, with the following results: 54.7% boys and 45.3% girls, average age 20.09 months; and the mother´s educational level 42.7% secondary educational level completed, housing risk index 60% medium risk and frequency of EDA-IRA 70.7% IRA and 29.3% EDA. Concluding that there was a statistically significant relationship with a p < 0.05 by relating the frequency of EDA-IRA with food and hygiene practices such as exclusive use of crockery, cleaning the dishes, frequency of consumption of dairy products; hand hygiene: before and after grooming the children, after using the bathroom and before eating. It is recommended to promote good food and hygiene practices to ensure proper nutrition, growth and development of children.