Estudio de las radiaciones electromagnéticas para determinar el patrón de radiaciones de una antena genérica y su comportamiento de radiación.

Abstract

The objective of this research Project was to complete an electromagnetic radiation study to determine the pattern of radiation of a generic antenna and its radiation behavior. In order to obtain the radiation pattern of the generic antenna, non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation was measured in the vicinity of 31 cellular phone antennas in several areas of Riobamba at different distances, with the frequency band between 76 MHz and 2.686 GHz using the NARDA SRM-3000 tool. Temporary electric field measurement data was obtained over seven continuous days in the vicinity of an antenna located at the Chimborazo Polytechnic (ESPOCH) at a distance of 110 m from the antenna to the measurement equipment. The electric field intensity was analyzed and compared with the current national and international regulations, specifically the Telecommunications Regulation and Control Agency (ARCOTEL), which in turn is based on the standards of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) with the norm K.52. In order to represent the antennas on a map of Riobamba, Radio Mobile and Open Street Map were used. To visualize the results of the data measured, an application was develop using PostgreSQL to store the data measured and JAVA script to application, where graphs of the radiation pattern of the generic antenna are indicated, the behavior of the electric field over 7 days as well as the comparative tables with current regulations. It was determined that the radiation emitted by the antennas located in the city of Riobamba and the antenna located close to ESPOCH do not surpass set limits. It is recommended that measurements be made according to the parameters established in the regulation provided by the regulatory entities.