Aspectos psicosociales que intervienen en el embarazo en madres adolescentes de 14 – 19 años atendidas en el Hospital General Provincial Latacunga en el año 2014

Abstract

The aim of this research is to understand the psycho-social aspects involved in pregnant adolescent girls who have been attended at the Provincial General Hospital in Latacunga during 2014. The objective is to provide holistic quality care. This research is descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective, and observational. 265 Medical Records were studied through surveys, the Goldberg Depression and Anxiety Inventory, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Inventory. For tabulating data and data collection Microsoft Excel 2010 program was used. The following results were obtained for early pregnancy: the highest age group belongs to 18 and 19 year-olds with 27% and 28% respectively; then, late adolescents with 77%; after that, 15 year-olds beginning their sexual life with 35%; 53% of them are living common law; 80% of them have finished high school; 89% belong to the mestizo ethnic group; 68% of pregnant girls do not have a job; 58% of them live in urban zones; 31% claim that the cause for their pregnancy is the lack of affection; 72% of their dating relationships are unstable; 77% of them live in a middle socioeconomic class; 40% of them go to school; 83% of them come from dysfunctional families; 55% of them come from adolescent mothers as well; 83% of them did not use any contraceptive method, and 96% of them did not use any drugs. It was also determined that 2% of them attempted suicide, 55% have depression, 57% have anxiety, and 66% have low self-esteem. As a conclusion, it can be said that the psycho-social aspects have great influence on early pregnancy. It is recommended to train physicians so that they have a more holistic view of this kind of patients in order to improve adolescent care.