Factores de riesgo de enterocolitis necrotizante en neonatos del servicio de neonatología del Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montegro. Guaranda 2015

Abstract

The objective of the investigation was to study the risk factors of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates of the Neonatal Service of the Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro. Guaranda. Data collection was performed through the HC, where Bell criteria were defined and classified, for the analysis was used in a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional method in the universe of 8 cases that appeared between 2008-2014. Results: Characteristic sociodemographic age of mothers aged 17 to 27 years 50% and 28 to 37 or more 27.5%. Origin rural sector 62.5% and urban sector 37.5%; its gestation time was 25 to 30 weeks 80% and its prematurity is 100%. Low birth weight from 1500 to 2000 grams is 75%. The existence of a serious infection prior to the onset of NEC, the presence of apneas and dietary increments above 20 cc / kg / day are the only significant risk factors in preterm infants. All cases of NEC were submitted to antibiotic therapy and of them the majority required surgical treatment. It is concluded that the establishment and identification of risk factors for NEC is difficult, due to the lack of studies that help to improve the diagnosis, treatment and preventive and therapeutic future, justifying actions aimed at reducing the incidence of this pathology.