Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la empresa Ecuamatriz Cía. Ltda. en Ambato.

Abstract

A wastewater treatment system was designed for the wáter that comes from the Ecuadorian milling industry Ecuamatriz Cía. Ltda. It was required a study to determine the parameters that were analyzed by characterization tests with a laboratory level. The control parameters that were analyzed were pH, turbidity, temperatura, condutivity and color. It was through the collecting samples of one liter of each vat that allowed to determine the characteristics from the 7 vats of residual wáter coming from different processes. Thus, from vat 1 to vat 4 have a basic pH, and from vat 5 to vat 7 have an acidic pH; In the initial characterization, were identified the following parameters according to the current legislation of the oficial register 387 and agreement 097 “A” of November 04, 2015, Annex 1, Environmental Quality and Enffuent Discharge, Water Resources, Book IV, Tabla 8: In the basic sample are (Cr XXII

+6 ) 1.2 mg/L, (Zn) 49.0 mg/L , Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5290 mg/L, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1620 mg/L, hydrogen potencial (pH) 13.25, surfactants, 5.67 mg/L and fat and oil 209.0 mg/L. While for acid sample are (Cr +6 ) 1.86 mg/L, (Zn) 615.0 mg/L , (BOD) 156 mg/L, (COD) 2377.0 mg/L, (pH) 3.17, surfactants, 1.78 mg/L and fat and oil 103.3 mg/L; After the treatability tests, two treatment lines were established, which are basic line and acid line. It let to conclude that for the basic line are required the structures of a decanter and the aerostation tower; as well as for the acid line a storage tank, channel, horizontal floculator, conventional settler, and for the unified treatment a circular sediment, upward flow filter, and drying bed. It is recommended to the company´s maintenance manager to carry out continuous wáter analysis to verify the degree of contamination and to monitor the flow for each line of treatment.