Análisis microbiológico de las aguas del Parque de las Fuentes del cantón Guano, perteneciente a la provincia Chimborazo.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to quantify the mesophilic aerobic bacteria, coliforms and pathogenic bacteria present in the Fuentes Park, Guano Canton, Chimborazo Province. It began with the measurement of in-situ parameters, temperature and pH, then samples of 2 sites of artesian wells were taken. Microbial identification was performed on 3M™ Petrifilm™ plates of: E.coli,Coliforms, Staphylococcus, molds and yeasts, once the colonies were overgrown their macroscopic morphology was described. Isolation was performed on Mueller-Hinton Agar, and isolated colonies were characterized using Gram staining, biochemical, physiological, culture, identification and antibiogram test to isolated pure clones, using the Kirby Bauer method for this purpose, a bacterial suspension was prepared and inoculated into Mueller- Hinton, the antibiotic discs were placed, incubated for later measurement of the inhibition diameter to compare it with the reference table and thus report as sensitive or resistant to each of the antibiotics used. The analysis showed that the 20 clones isolated were Gram – negative bacilli in 100% and corresponded to the species Escherichia coli (13clones), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5clones), Enterobacter cloacae (2clones). In relation to the antibiogram 3 clones of E.coli were resistant to Imipenem and Gentamicina, and 2 clones of Enterobacter cloacae, resistant to Kanamycin. In conclusion, measures should be taken to help reduce pollution of water sources and to conduct frequent microbiological studies to ensure its sanitary quality. It is recommended that the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Guano canton socializes these results and perform constant microbiological analyzes to control the parameters of quality, thus protecting the health of users who come to this place.