Determinación del período crítico del fréjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Var. Cargabello) en competencia con plantas indeseables

Abstract

The current investigation aims at determining the critical period of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Var. Cargabello); on the property named Macají, Lican Parish, Riobamba Canton, Province of Chimborazo; utilizing the experimental design of complete blocks at random in arrangement of divided plots; with two control methods; 9 periods of grass cover, undergrowth control and 3 repetitions included a witness. The methods used are chemical in doses of 1.25 cc and mechanical, the days in which the undergrowth controls were performed were at 30, 45, 60, and 75 days being handled for two grass-covered periods initially – rest of the cycle clean and clean initially – the rest of grass-covered cycle plus an absolute control that remained clean throughout the whole cycle. There were differences among undergrowth control times in plant height, stem diameter, vigor of plant, number of peas per pod, weight of pods, grain weight of 10 pods, yield, fresh biomass and dry biomass of undergrowth. The best yield presented the treatment in which the chemical method was used and remained clean throughout the cycle (A2B9) with 27945,58 Kg/ha, in turn it was the most expensive with 2516,21 USD but at the same time it showed the highest net profit with 6730,49 USD. The highest benefit-cost ratio presented the treatment in which the chemical method was used and remained clean during the first 75 days the rest of the grass-covered cycle (A2B8) with a value of 2.13. It is recommended to eliminate the undergrowth before the crop is in flowering (65 days after sowing) turning this moment itself into the critical period. Key word: bean, undergrowth control, legumes