Construcción de un simulador para el diagnóstico de modos de fallas en cojinetes planos mediante el análisis de vibraciones para la Facultad de Mecánica de la ESPOCH.

Abstract

The present research work has as objetive the construction of a simulator that offers failure modes in sliding bearings, the purpose is to evaluate and diagnose the characters obtained through the technique of analysis of vibrations and spectral orbits. The purpose of the construction of this simulator is to show in a real and evident way the failures originated at the industrial sector, establishing as contribution to practical theoretical knowledge for the students of the Engineering School of Maintenance. In any industry there are countless of failures that can be diagnosed and evaluated before they become a fuctional failure, taking into account the present study is focused on sliding bearings. The failures that can be diagnosed are: mechanical clearances, oil swirl instability and oil whipping. For the corresponding analysis, it proposes different methodologies that are present with the development of this work. The sliding bearings are associated with the study of hydrodynamic lubrication that is fundamental to obtain the corresponding tests. In the analysis evaluates the speed, displacement and envelope spectra through the Vibracheck ABG 200 equipment. On the other hand, it determined the characteristic frequencies that refer to each failure; besides for the orbital analysis has two accelerometers oriented at 90º with respect to each other and a phototachometer, which connect to the Vibracheck equipment with their respective configuration, so that the model fulfills with the requirements for which it was designed. The operations were carried out in the way hoped for and obtained functional results. Finally, to maintain the equipment in optimum operating conditions, it recommends carrying out maintenance activities indicated in the proposed maintenance plan.