Síntesis, Caracterización y Funcionalización de Nanopartículas Magnéticas en Nanotubos de Carbono de Pared Múltiple visando Aplicaciones en Terapia Fotodinámica.

Abstract

The objective of this work was to functionalize Multiple-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Magnetic Nanoparticles to transport photosensitizing ZnMintPc, for future applications in Photodynamic Therapy. For that, it was done the purification of the Multiple-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) by using an acid attack with HNO3 and H2SO4 for the subsequent photosynthesis through the method of Co-Precipitation of Magnetic Nanoparticles of Hematite (MNPs) in presence of the MWCNTs to get the nanovehicle MNPs- MWCNTs. Finally, it was done its functionalization with the photosensitizing Menthol-Zinc Phthalocyanine (drug synthetized to be used in Photodynamic Therapy, ZnMintPc) by physical methods in presence of the biocompatible nanogel Vinylcaprolactam-Diacrylate of Polyethylene Glycol (VCL/PEGDA). The function of the VCL-PEGDA was to encapsulate the nanovehicle MNPs-MWCNTs with the photosensitizing ZnMintPc to get the nanocomposite VCL/PEGDA-MNPs- WCNTsZnMintPc. The nanovehicle was characterized by FT-IR and Raman Spectroscopy where it was on evidence that the obtained MNPs are made of Hematite and they are rooted to the MWCNTs Through covalent bounds formed among the carboxylic groups of the MWCNTs and the superficial groups of Hematite. The nanocomposite was evaluated by UV-VIS Spectroscopy, where it was demonstrated that the concentrations used for the analysis (0.197 to 0.547 micometer) do not cause aggregations of the photosensitizing when being part of the synthetized nanocomposite. At the moment of evaluating the nanocomposite in relation with the time and comparing it with VCL/PEGDA-ZnMintPc, the first revealed better stability in time with ZnMintPc that will allow the nanocomposite to arrive to the specific area of treatment and enter in the white cells and allow to do the Photodynamic Therapy maintaining the photophysical characteristics of the photosensitizing. It was observed that during the 24 hours of evaluation, there was no aggregation of the photosensitizing, by this characteristic, it demonstrates to be an optimum vehicle to transport ZnMintPc, therefore is would be recommended to apply it in Photodynamic Therapy.