Diseño e implementación de un sistema de monitoreo climatológico vía GPRS y automatización de la calibración del anillo del piranómetro en la Estación Meteorológica ESPOCH.

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was the design and implementation of a climate monitoring system via cellular network (GPRS) and automation of the calibration of the pyranometer ring at the meteorological station of the Polytechnic High School of Chimborazo. In order to carry out the automation process, it was designed a mechanical rack-and-pinion system that is mounted on a metal structure in which the slide bars are assembled. A NEMA stepper motor that enables the linear movement of the bars is coupled to this system. In order to establish the GPRS communication, the SIM card 900, which was connected to the Arduino board; was used. This; enables to monitor the variables of the climatological station in the screen of Ubidots API application, which uses hypertext protocol (HTTP) methods. Finally, the data of the ESPOCH weather station can be visualized in real time. Besides, it was implemented a photovoltaic system that provides energy to the electrical and electronic devices installed. The photovoltaic system consists of solar panel, voltage regulator, DC-DC converter, LM298 driver of stepper motor and clock module in real time. The programming for the control of the movement of the engine by steps, reading the signals of the meteorological instruments, the transmission of data towards the web page were activities developed in the Arduino IDE software. The time invested in data collection was improved since downloading data manually took 60 minutes while by means of the monitoring of the website the data collection took 10 minutes; optimizing the time in 50 minutes, which represents an improvement of 83.3% of the time spent. The implemented system made possible to monitor the meteorological variables and the automatic control of the ring of shadow movement in real time. In addition to this, both, costs and times in the acquisition of data were reduced since they are registered automatically in the web page. It is recommended that students conduct a monthly check of the installed system to avoid breakdowns.