Evaluación microbiológica de la Fuente El Ejido perteneciente al cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to quantify mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total and fecal coliforms, and pathogenic bacteria present in the El Ejido water source that belongs to Guano canton, Chimborazo province. A microorganism count was carried out using the seed method on 3M xv

TM Petrifilm TM plates on the water, obtained from the suggested site and the site used by the population. Isolation was performed in Mueller-Hinton Agar, and isolated colonies were characterized using Gram staining and biochemical, physiological, culture, identification and antibiotic testing to the isolated pure clones, using the Kirby Bauer method. The isolated colonies were Gram (-) in 83% (65 clones), with most Gram (-) bacilli in 89.3% (58 clones) and only 10.7% Gram diplococci (-) (7 clones); the remainig 17% were identified as Gram bacteria (+) (13 clones). Of the isolated clones 20 were identified: 7 corresponded to Escherichia coli, 3 to Pseudomona aeruginosa, 2 to Enterobacteria aerogenes, Moraxella spp, Shigella spp and Staphylococcus spp while 1 corresponded to Proteus vulgaris and Serratia spp. The evaluation of microbial sensitivity showed that Enterobacteria aerogenes and Serratia spp are sensitive to all antibiotics used, whereas 3 clones of Escherichia coli and 1 clone of Moraxella spp showed resistance to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid, Kanamycin, Streptomycin, Imipenem, Ampicillin and Gentamicin, and 2 Pseudomona aeruginosa clones showed resistance to Kanamycin, Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, and Gentamicin. The results obtained indicate that the El Ejido water source has an enteropathogenic microbiota, constituting a health risk. It is recommended that the Guano Autonomous Decentralized Goverrnment socialize these results, in order to prevent infections due to the use of this water.