Diseño de un Sistema para la Obtención de Biol Mediante los Residuos Solidos Orgánicos Generados en el Cantón Joya de los Sachas

Abstract

The design of a system to obtain liquid fertilizer (biol) from organic solid waste was carried out in order to reduce pollution in the Joya de los Sachas-Orellana canton, developed on a pilot scale, implementing cheap technology and easily available raw material. It consisted of: 5 tanks of 15 gallons used as biodigesters, 10 elbows of 1/2¨, 10 m of hose for the exit of the gas, a piece of geomembrane, sealant and ligas of bicycle tube. The biodigesters were fed with domestic organic matter and water in different proportions in each one, sealing them and adapting the gas outlet in series to a water trap. The system consists of five biodigesters connected in series for the output of the biogas resulting from the decomposition of domestic organic waste (anaerobic digestion), controlling temperature daily and acidity every 3 days so that it does not deviate from the permitted range and the product is the desired one. After 28 days, biol is obtained in different quantities, depending on the proportion applied to each biodigester. Five representative samples were taken, including the one requested to the Canton Municipality, which were analyzed in a certified laboratory to determine the efficiency in terms of quantity, quality and processing time with respect to what was requested. The most optimal was the 1:2 concentration (25% water and 75% organic matter) with 64.24% of product, obtaining an average temperature of 32 C and 6.8 acidity in the system, which, taking it to an industrial scale, will reduce contamination.