Identificación y descripción de las características anatómicas de la madera de Prunnus serotina (Capulí) procedente de tres provincias: Chimborazo, Tungurahua y Cotopaxi

Abstract

The present research proposes: To identify and describe the anatomical characteristics of Prunus serotina (capulí) wood which ones are from three provinces: Chimborazo, Tungurahua and Cotopaxi; there were taken samples from the three provinces, Guano (CS1), Ambato (CS2) and Salcedo (CS3). They were identified at ESPOCH herbarium, stating that the species under study is Prunus serotina. This specie presented similar botanical characteristics in the three provinces in terms of the leaves, flowers, fruits, and seed, but the stems were different. For the macroscopic characteristics, the wood samples were softened at room temperatura for 45 days and cross sections were obtained. This determined analogies with the color of sapwood, smell, flavor, luster, grain, texture. Some differences were found in heartwood tones and growth rings, and age may be a variable to demonstrate differences in macro and microscopic characteristics. For the microscopic characteristics, specimens were also obtained from the samples and from these samples 2cm edge cubes were obtaines and a technique was established, which consisted in softening the wood cubes in the autoclave at a pressure of 1.2 kg/ cm2 at a temperatura of 121oC in glass containers with distilled water for a certain time. After this, 0,5 um of the wooden cubes were cut, these samples were placed in petri dishes and immersed in 70% alcohol solution, then 2.5% safranin solution and the assembly of the plates to observe under a microscope was done. Determinig that CS1, CS2 and CS3 are similar in pores, radii, fibers and radial transverse parenchyma, differences were observed in CS3, which has gums. Keywords: Anatomical characteristics of wood, wood, similar botanical characteristics.