Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas para el sector Langasa y Jesús del Gran Poder, parroquia Mulliquindil-Santa Ana, cantón Salcedo.

Abstract

This research objective is to design a wastewater treatment plant for Langasa and Jesús del Gran Poder, Mulliquindil Santa Ana Parish, Salcedo Canton. These communities do not have sanitary infrastructure as wastewater treatment plants. This study and plant design is based according to chemical-physical and microbiological parameters demanded by the TULSMA (Unified Text of the Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment) norm. After analyzing, it was possible to identify the parameters out of the norm such as: Iron, Color, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), detergents, fecal coliforms and suspended solids. Consequently, the treatability tests with filtering beds made of sand-gravel were carried out determining the implementation of a conventional wastewater treatment plant which consists of collection channel-screening area, sedimentation process by means of a conventional grit chambers, sedimentation tank with perforated screen, a circular rising-flow filter and a mud drying chamber for care and protection of the system. This is one of the cheapest system for communities, urbanizations and neighborhoods. The design was validated with a final characterization about filtered water as follows: BOD5 64mg/L, COD 105 mg/L, color 181 U/Co Pt, detergent 0.41 mg/L, suspended solids 1mg/L and fecal coliforms 0,027 MPN/100ml, structural requirements and quality standards required to get treated water discharged in Langasa river and its surroundings. This present design reduces pollution in hydric systems and ecosystem. It is recommended to analyze muds CREBIT (Corrosive, Reactive, Explosive, Biological, Flammable and Toxic) based on the Norm, Adequate Environmental Management of muds coming from REPAMAR (Panamerican wastewater management net)