Análisis de la efectividad de los modelos mixtos de diagnóstico técnico en motores eléctricos trifásicos asincrónicos jaula de ardilla del laboratorio de mantenimiento predictivo de la Facultad de Mecánica de la ESPOCH.

Abstract

Mixed models of technical diagnosis were analyzed by the monitoring of variables in two synchronous engines with a squirrel cage rotor, through spectrum of mechanical vibration analysis and spectral voltage to the stator, in order to establish which of the techniques brings more information to ensure an adequate criterion of maintenance in the identification of failure modes. Each engine has a caused failure mode, broken bars in the rotor with three-phase and static eccentricity for a single phase engine. It began with the design of units simulators with failure following the criteria of mechanical constituent elements, obtaining a load system by means of a magnetic brake and a pumping closed system respectively, for then assemble and install each subsystem to operate and test. In the analysis it was studied the spectrum of acceleration, speed of vibrations and spectrum power, with Vibrachek 200 device analyzer and the Fluke i5s clamp ammeter connected to the same computer, as well as frequencies characteristics of defects calculated were identified in two diagnosis using individuals calculations for each failure. The trend curves in the two trials show a gradual growth in its increase of failure and load, with more changes in the analysis of mechanical vibration. These bring with values of frequency and range in both failure modes, being more effective than the analysis electricity which shows frequencies features but limited reading of ranges. The operations were carried with the functional results of simulators. So, in future trials it must meet the specifications presented in the additions.