Extracción e identificación de bufadienólidos en la planta hoja del aire (Bryophyllum pinnatum).

Abstract

The objective of the reasearch was the extraction and identification of bufadienolide in the plant leaf of the air (Bryopyllum pinnatum), the study was realized in the laboratory of natural products of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, the vegetal matter was collected in the parish Zumba Chinchipe province and identified in the herbarium of ESPOCH, three types of extracts, methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous, were obtained from 1 Kg of dry plant matter by maceration, it concentrated by means of rotavapor equipment until elimination of the solvent, obtaining three samples of liquid consistency in which a phytochemical screening was carried out; the methanolic extract was chosen for organoleptic, chemical physical, preliminary chromatographic, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and infrared (IR)spectroscopy analysis. Phytochemical screening results were positive for all trials. According to the organoleptic analysis was a liquid of consistency and of dark green color with characteristic smell to dry herb, and a density of 0.851 g/mL. Thin layer chromatography of the methanol extract run with Toluene/Methanol (3:1) provided colored bands separated from each other because Toluene being a polar solvent and methane apolar help to an easy elution of the sample, standard digoxin was used to evidence the fringe containing the cardiotonic glycosides giving an Rf of 0.8, with the help of the infrared spectrum, the presence of functional groups present in the bufadienolide was denoted, but was not obtained an identification analysis, due to the lack of appropriate equipment for such a test, the use of mass spectrum equipment is recommended for the adequate identification of this type of compounds, because at the moment this instrument is not available in the facilities where the research was carried out.