Anális toxicológico agudo del extracto etanólico de Passiflora edulis y Passiflora quadrangularis sobre Rattus norvegicus por vía oral.

Abstract

The toxic effect of a lyophilized ethanolic extract of Passiflora edulis and Passiflora quadrangularis leaves collected in Pallatanga canton was evaluated through the acute toxicity assay during 14 day in Rattus norvegicus females following the methodological patterns described by OECD 421 and 423. Previous to the assay the Passifloras leaves were dried, pulverized, macerated, sonicated, filtered and concentrated; 36 animals were acquired in the biotery of the Chimborazo Higher Education Polytechnic School (Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo) adapting them during 15 days under the micro and macro environment recommended by the abode OECD norms, grouping the at random in 6 groups of 6 animals whith unlimited water and feed provision. During the assay at the day 1, the animals were weighed and blood samples of each animal were taken, in which the analysis of hematological indicators was carried out (Red blods cells, white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, VCM, HCM, leucocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosimphils and basophils), blood chemistry (glucose, alanine amino transferase ALT or TGP, aspartate amino transferase AST or TGO, bilirubin, creatinine, urea). After the blood extraction the high and low of 2 000 and 300 mg/Kg extract dose was administered. The toxic signs, variation of animal weight, feed consumption, animal behavior were evaluated during 14 days. At the end of the day 14 of the assay blood samples were taken to carry out assays of blood chemistry and hematic biometry; later necropsy and histopathological exam were conducted of organs (heart, kidney, liver, brain, lung). In the hematological results there was a slight increase in the values of white blood cells and a decrease of red blood cells as compared to the basal values before the administration which do not surpass the normal reference values. In the clinic biochemistry values an increase in the TGO, TGP and urea values was produced which exceeded, in a minimal percentage, the reference values; the histopathological analysis of the organs did not show a significant toxicity imputable to the test substance.