Implementación de un prototipo de sistema de georreferenciación mediante la tecnología GPS/GSM para personas vulnerables.

Abstract

A prototype of geo-referencing system was implemented through the GPS/GSM technology to the vulnerable persons in Riobamba city. The system is made up of hardware and software which is in charge to receive the GPS coordinates of the location where the vulnerable person is and send them through of the cellular network to a Smartphone. The hardware gadgets are implemented by an Arduino Uno which was used for programming the ATMEGA328P chip and a Shield SIM808 GPS/GSM where the GPS antenna was connected to improve the coordinates reception and a Movistar operator chip to the network use, and a cell phone battery was added to the Shield SIM808 in order to facilitate the gadget mobility, so it is in charge to send the coordinates (latitude and longitude) through the text messages to the Smartphone. The receptor (Smartphone) use an APP software to Android that was created specifically to locate the position in Google Maps in order to get a better location reference, and the person who handles that software do not get difficulties at time to locate the position. The percentages of the lost persons in Riobamba when they have mobilized is the 2 %, and the 68.8 % of the population wants to have a GPS/GSM device. The coordinates were got in 12 specific places into the Riobamba city to get the position of the vulnerable person. It determined that the coordinates got by the prototype are in an acceptable degree of precision in regard to the real coordinates from each site due to the antenna offers a 2.5 meters of precision. This study recommended the use of Shield SIM 808 and the GPS antenna in outdoor places because they are susceptible to the interferences or delay in reception of the satellite signal. In case of demanding precision by the device in the order of the centimeters, we can apply techniques of differential GPS or in turn use high precision receives.