Evaluación de la calidad fisico quimica y microbiológica del agua de consumo humano en el cantón Chunchi.

Abstract

The objective was the evaluation of the physical chemical and microbiological quality of water for human consumption in the Chunchi Canton, Chimborazo province, taking samples at strategic points earlier and after the conventional treatment: in the slopes, at points earlier and after the filtration, in the reservoir tank and in housings located in the home networks high, medium and low. A total of 42 samples were analyzed. Physical analyses were performed: pH, turbidity, conductivity and total solids dissolved using the Consort C562 equipment, except for the turbidity that used a turbidimeter: Chemical analyses: nitrates, nitrites, fluorides and residual free chlorine using the HACH DR2800 equipment. And microbiological analyses using the most probable number method (NMP) AND Petrifilm TM for fecal and total coliforms; in the parasitological the centrifugation and flotation method was used. The procedures were carried out taking into account the regulation NTE INEN 1108:2014. Drinking water. Requirements and the NTE INEN 1105:1983. Waters. Sampling for microbiological analysis. The results obtained established that 100% of the analyzed samples comply with the chemical requirements; With respect to the physical parameters, the turbidity, the pH and the color are in ranges outside the established by the corresponding Norm, fulfilling only with the physical quality the conductivity and the STD. Of the 42 samples analyzed, 70% did not meet the requirements for fecal and total coliforms, both by the NPM method and by Petrifilm. In the parasitological analysis 50% of the samples analyzed demonstrated presence of Giardia lamblia and 100% of Cryptosporidium parvum absence. Already presented all the physical, chemical and microbiological results one concludes that the water of the Chunchi Canton in not suitable for human consumption because they break microbiological requirements for fecal coliforms and parasitological in significant values, in addition to not complying fully with the physical requirement. Recommending to verify that the disinfection treatment that in carried out using chlorine gas, it is being performed correctly and replace the sand filters that are no longer fulfilling with their function.