Estudio microbiológico de las aguas termales del Balneario Cununyacu ubicado en las faldas noroccidentales del Cerro Ilaló de la parroquia Tumbaco perteneciente a la provincia de Pichincha.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the present indigenous and alóctona microbiota in the hot springs spa “Cununyacu” located in the province of Pichincha, and at the same time determine which microorganism could endanger the health of users visiting the spa. A physico-chemical analysis was performed to determine the temperature and pH, microbiological analysis was carried out by plating Petrifilm technique for Coliform Bacteria / Escherichia Coli, mesophilic aerobic, Staphylococcus aureus, fungi and yeasts. Subsequently, the purification of the bacteria was performed using an isolated to obtain pure clones, which subjected to Gram coloration, which helped to identify Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and testing to perform each bacteria group. It was isolated 180 clones, of which 52% were positive coconuts and 43% of negative bacilli, 22 clones were chosen that were identified by using various biochemical tests, the species found were: Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp, Bacillus spp, Alcaligenes faecalis, Brevundimonas diminuta, Aeromonas schubertii. Over the 22 clones identified were performed by the agar diffusion method, nothing that most of the bacterial isolates were resistant to the antibiotics used. It was found that in the hot springs spa there are diverse bacterial population, in which some of them form part of the indigenous population and other are in the soil, plants and surface water and from these habitats it can reach the thermal water. It is recommended that those responsible for the spa perform corresponding action to determine the cause of the pollution that this spa has and conduct periodic studies to assess water quality and prevent health risks to users.