Estudio de la microcuenca del río Zula en función de la cantidad, calidad y aprovechamiento hídrico de sus afluentes.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to know the quality, quantity and water use of the Zula river micro- watershed from Achupallas parish, Chimborazo province. Therefore, the simple sampling method was used to analysis and evaluate the physical and chemical parameters, microbiological and biological through of the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Biological Monitoring Party (BMWP) macroinvertebrados. And the float method was used in order to establish the flow in 4 selected monitoring points into 13,02 Km from micro- watershed. 4 samples were taken, one every month during September – December 2015. The results of the flow obtained were 10,46 L/s intended for irrigation; the total water supply is 74,46 L/s and the net offer is 48,68 L/s; data that shows a favorable balance in the micro- watershed to the monitoring period. On the other hand, the quality of the water from Zula river micro- watershed is good in the 4 monitoring points with an average of 73,18% according to the WQI index. However, the BMWP index shows that the quality of the water in the first two pints are acceptable with an average value of 66,6% and in the following two points its quality is doubtful with a value of 38,7% respectively. In general, the water from the micro- watershed is in good condition, however. It is necessary to take preventive measures such as the development of environmental management plans with sustainable and maintainable measures to avoid high levels of pollution that allows to preserve the ecosystem in optimal conditions through the active participation of communities that are close to the water course.