Estudio de la calidad del agua de la acequia Balectus y de la vertiente Calispogyo que permita plantear una propuesta para optimizar su uso y aprovechamiento en el sector de San Gerardo Guano provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

This research was intented to determine the quality of the ditch water Balectus and the water spring Calispogyo located in the neighborhoods “La Victoria” and “La Unión” in San Gerardo from Guano in the Chimborazo province. In this aim, the first step of the study was to callect technical information from these places to know and lay down technical data of quantity of water fluid on a daily basis as well as the predominant physical, chemical and bacteriological characteristics of these both water sources therefore the corresponding analysis were done in order to quantitatively determine the quality of the ditch water and the water spring (WQI), thus, a comparative study was carried out on the basis of the both tables; the 1, 4 and 5 which were anected from the Ministerial Agreement 028 which substitudes the Book 5 of the Unified Text of the Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment (TULSMA). The most alarming results that the study reveals in regarding the water spring Calispogyo are the parameters of fluoride accounting for a median value of 2,72 mg/L which provokes dental fluorosis problems and also the presence of fecal coliforms in the water causing waterborne disease, and thus, in regarding the results from the ditch water Balectus the fluoride and sulphates are the greatest problem. In the other hand, the water fluid coming from theses both sources is normally “good” and “regular”, even though, it is daily wasted in the case of water spring Calispogyo the waterwasting

accounts for 70%, and in the case of water spring Calispogyo, it accounts for 75%, therefore it was necessary to make up a proposal for improving the water utilization in a 100% in both cases. That is, we can conclude this water could be used not only for animal consumption but also for human consumption, irrigation of plans and fishing farming, and fanally it is advisable for the authorities and local population to become involved and committed in the three-month monitoring and control for generating a better data basis in order to improve the current conditions of these water sources.