Evaluación físico-química y microbiológica del agua para consumo humano de la Comunidad Centro Flores, Parroquia Flores, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

This research paper aims to evaluate the quality of water for human consumption in Flores Community, Flores Parish in Chimborazo Province through the determination of physical-chemical parameters as well as microbiological. The methodology used for this study was done based on NTE INEN 1108-2014, which is based in the standard method for sampling and for the parameters to be evaluated. Sampling was done using the simple method between the months November and December of the year 2015. Samples in ten points were taken (five springs, a container and four neighborhoods) and a total of thirty samples were studied. The methods used to evaluate the parameters were gravimetric, volumetric, and instrumental. In situ physical and chemical variables were evaluated with portable kits. In the laboratory the chemical analysis were completed with the corresponding equipment. The bacteriological evaluation used Petrifilm plates for determination of E. coli and total coliform. The physic-chemical results showed an average level of phosphates, superior (1,45 mg/L) as established by the applicable standard throughout the supply system. The average free residual chlorine in the distribution network, levels are on average 0,3 mg/L and below this value. Average values of 67 UFC/100mL for total coliforms and 33 UFC/100mL for fecal coliforms, they are presented in the distribution net. Based in the results of the study, it is concluded that the quality of water in certain chemical and microbiological parameters overcome the established values in the Ecuadorian normativity. To provide an adequate system development and improve the quality of water that is offered to population, it is recommended the design and implementation of an adequate purifier system for the Flores community, due to that currently there is not any system.