Diseño, construcción y evaluación de un aireador de pastizales

Abstract

The constant trampling on pasture by animals and the use of agricultural machinery produced soils are compacted, reducing the production of grass and causing economic losses to producers and problems of land degradation. It has consequently set the following strategic objectives to solve this problem: To design an aerator, whose construction is feasible, based on existing technology in the region, to construct the designed pasture aerator and to evaluate the performance of the pasture aerator in depth of work, speed of work, resistance of the implement. It was used the methodology of Pahl and Beitz design for the development of this degree work. The tillage depth, speed of work were evaluated in the implement as well as its resistance, and for demonstrating the influence of the implement in the height reached by this one to 20 days of its application was made a test in alfalfa. The results obtained after the tests were: The implement reaches a tillage depth of 12,62 cm, a working speed average of 4,2 km/h, deformation in the blades due to excessive lateral pressure and with respect to alfalfa after application of the implement; the height was improved in a 11%, and therefore its production. It is concluded that the methodology of Pahl y Beitz is a great design tool because it helped to succeed in the variables studied, the application of the implement increased in 11% the height of the forage and economically its construction is viable since the cost is 1821 dollars, it is recommended to increase the carbon content of the steel of the blades, decrease its length, and remove the openings of 20° and 30° of the blade-holder arms, place holder basket ballast, and increase the number of blades of 3 to 4 per disc blade holder.