Evaluación de los métodos de propagación sexual, asexual y comportamiento de Melina (Gmelina arborea Roxb), en plantación, en la hacienda Pitzará, cantón Pedro Vicente Maldonado, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

This research is intended to evaluate the sexual and asexual plan propagation methods in regarding the behavior of the gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb) plantation at the pitzara farm from Pedro Vicente Maldonado in Pichincha Province, in this aim five experimental treatments were implemented which allow to evaluate the experimental designs done following both methods the clonal propagation method and the seed propagation method the one treatment (T) accounts for the plant propagation by seeds and the four remaining treatment account for the plant propagation by cloning where the M01; M08; M09 and M10 clonal propagation techniques were used. Once the plantation was established, the data for grading every propagation techniques were collected every three months through the first 12 months, the variables to evaluate were the plant height, basal, are , top foliage diameter ,branches and the plant quality. Thus, the study results revealed that the clonal propagation method rather than the seed propagation method gave the best results not only in regarding the plant development and growth, but also in regarding the basal diameter, being mainly the M09 clonal propagation method which accounts for the best average annual height of plantation reflected in the 5, 43 and the best average annual basal diameter reflected in the 12,37m at the end of the 12 months in contrast to the seed propagation method which results were 4,68m of the average annual height and 10,88m of the average annual the basal diameter which implies that the seed propagation method results are lower than the clonal propagation method results in regarding these study variables and thus the best effects in the forestry management of the gmelina plantation in regarding the top foliage diameter variable corresponds to the M09 clonal propagation that gave 27,15 rather than the seed propagation treatment since it accounts for 24,79cm, and considering the number of branches variable the study results determined one- branch drop dead every first the months and three-branch drop dead at the further six months, but in the concerning to the quality of plant variable the bats results correspond to the seed propagation method since this treatment gave plants completely health. The study results convey a level of significance that varies for every treatment in considering study variables measures used for the hypotheses testing which allows us to confirm the study hypotheses since the results from seed propagation treatment varies from the clonal treatment