Determinación del nivel de Colinesterasa Sérica y enzimas del perfil hepático (AST, ALT, APL, BILIRRUBINAS Y GGT) en los agricultores de la comunidad Guaslán Grande del cantón Riobamba que están expuestos a plaguicidas organofosforados y carbamatos.

Abstract

To learn how to affect the daily use of organophosphates and carbonates in farmers in Guaslán Grande community in Riobamba city, we proceeded to determine the levels of serum cholinesterase and enzymes in liver profile to determine the performance of horticulturists liver, the process of research and health benefits farmers socialized. To access the personal information of participants occupational survey was presented and also requested approval for the use of biological samples and personal through the acceptance of informed consent data. 96 biological samples and occupational surveys, of which 77belong to the group exposed to pesticides, while the remaining 19 are for people who are engaged in non-agricultural activities were collected. To identify cholinesterase (AchE) the Ellman method was used, while for measuring liver enzymes other profile spectrophotometric method was used. For the study data analysis of variance ANOVA was used and to evaluate the association of variables Turkey tests and Pearson correlation analysis was applied. The results show that in 50 of 77 farmers is 65% of the study population presented a decrease in cholinesterase levels, the results were not influenced by the gender of the participants and there was no significant difference between the averages of both genders. With a level of significance of 5% in both the range of AchE, ALT, AST, ALP and conjugated bilirubin are directly influenced by the bacteria-exposure time and frequency of spraying so that the value of the enzymes is outside levels normal exposure time ranging from 6-10 years with a frequency of spraying 2-3 times a week. The symptom that prevailed among the participants was headache with 75% followed by itching and redness to 43%. It is concluded that the daily use of pesticides negatively affects the level of cholinesterase in addition to a percentage of the population can cause abnormalities in liver fuction enzymes. The use of personal protective equipment is recommended in addition to ongoing training and awareness of farmers.