Diseño y construcción de 2 biofiltros con Eichhornia Crassipes y Lemna Minor para la evaluación de la degradación de contaminantes en aguas residuales de la extractora Río Manso EXA S.A. “Planta la Comuna”, Quinindé

Abstract

This present research was carried out to desing and make two biofilters with Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna minor using sand, grit mining, gravel and pumice as suppport bed to treat wastewater from extractor River Manso, the initial physical characterization, chemical, and water microbiology was conducted analyzes were performed on each week of treatment to determine the concentrations and percentages removal in both treatments for parameters such as: COD (chemical oxygen demand), (BOD 5 ), oils and fats, total solids, suspended solids, total nitrogen, iron, total phosphorus, taking into account that these are parameters that the Company has problems in their treatment. Each of the biofilter was formed by a storage tank that allows the entry of water into the biofilter, a collection tank and two PVC pipes perforated to facilitate aeration. The operation began with a retention time at 28.5 hours. ph adjustment was performed in water for plant adaptations. Biofilters cleaning were performed once treatment is completed; in addition, they were to the development of composting the degradation percentages using Eichhornia crassipes 89.24% for COD, BOD 5 91.96%, 91.58% oils and fats, total solids 95.87%, 96.72% suspended solids were calculated, total phosphorus 96.34%, iron 89.30%, 95.68% total nitrogen. Lemna minor 72.57% for COD, BOD 73.36%, 92.33% oils and fats, total solids 75.21%. Student t-test is applied to determine whether there are significant differences between the percentages of degradation on Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna minor and concludes that there are no significant differences in the parameters analyzed. It is recommended to try other plant species for determining their efficiency motion of these pollutants.