Estudio fitoquímico y evaluación de la actividad antioxidante In Vitro de hojas y flores de Passiflora tripartita.

Abstract

The present paper objetive is to carry out a phytochemistry study and evaluation in vitro of the capacity to catch free radicals of Taxo leaves and flowers (Passiflora tripartita). The following steps were carried out: collection and drying of the vegetal matter with a quality control, phytochemistry screening in order to identify the main secondary metabolites, analysis per thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of components type glycosides and aglyconas. Quantification by flavonoid spectrophotometry was also carried out with the method aluminum tricloride and total tar acids per Folin-Ciocalteu reagent by using as standards quercetin and gallic acid respectively; the quantification per High-perfomance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was carried out in hydrolyzed extracts of leaves and flowers of Passiflora tripartita and the analytes analyzed were apigenin, luteolin and quercetin. Antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) assay. The results gotten in the control of quality were satisfactory. Phyto constuents type flavonoids were identified by TLC: glycosides (vitexin, issoorientin, vitexin-2”-O-Glycoside, orientin) and aglyconas (apigenin, luteolin and quercetin), the quantification of flavonoids and higher tar acids was higher in hydro alcoholic extract and in leaves than in flowers. By using HPLC quercetin was the highest analyte: in leaves 0.61±0.096 ppm of quercetin and in flowers 1.43±0.058 ppm of quercetin. In the antioxidant activity the assay of DPPH showed that antioxidant potential of Passiflora tripartita is not very high since leave and flower extracts with an activity showed values of 408.54±4.923 ug/mL for leaves and 735.7±6.113 ug/mL for flowers. It is concluded that leaves and flowers of Passiflora tripartita showed a variety and quantity of flavonoid components very important in pharmacology and despite its activity is not very high it is recommended to carry out a deep study about flavonoid constituents of this specie and its biological activity.