Análisis comparativo de la velocidad de degradación de cromo VI aplicando fitorremediación en medio físicos distintos: suelo y agua

Abstract

Getting to know that the main source of chrome VI pouring is the tanning industry, the current study developed a comparative analysis of its degradation time by applying phytoremediation in two physical environments: soil and water. In order to achieve the object, sample characterization, construction of pilot plants were developed as well as degradation curves. Since it is an exploratory - descriptive research, methodological tools such as the bibliographic review, which confirms the degrading capacity of species Medicago sativa (alfalfa) and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) which were used for the experimental stage. Later on, the laboratory analysis were carried out to certify the variables used for the study: chrome VI and pH. The design and construction of the pilot plants were based upon the morphological features of the species and on their growing time. The species were transplanted into soil with 0,28 mg/kg of chrome VI and in water with 2,01 mg/L of this metal. In order to determine the component degradation speed, three laboratory analysis were developed: one at the beginning of the process, the second 45 days after implemented the pilot plants, and a final analysis after 65 days of treatment. The quantity of chrome VI showed that the phytoremediation in an aquatic environment is more efficient since it removes 99% of the pollutant, whilst in soil it was 92,85%. For instance, it was proved that Eichhornia crassipes retained 86,06 % of this heavy metal in its tissues since it is an aquatic plant and, Medicago sativa absorbed 67,85% of it.