Obtención de biol a partir de desechos orgánicos generados por la Empresa Pública Municipal Mercado de Productores Agrícolas “San Pedro de Riobamba

Abstract

This research work fostered the creation of biol from organic waste which is generated at “Mercado de Productores Agrícolas San Pedro de Riobamba” (the Agro Producers Market of the City – EPEMMPA).

This is because a great portion of their waste is usable, and it originates from manipulation, wholesale, and retail of produce coming from different parts of the Chimborazo province and the whole country. The waste amount and the components were determined by measuring them at the end of each working day. At laboratory scale, three types of biodigesters with different substrates were developed. There are fruit residues, and vegetable residues. There is also a 50/50 mix of both of them in order to determine the possible differences of the final product. Two repetitions of each type of biol were carried out to be able to control the parameters of the reaction without affecting the control biodigesters. By the end of the fermentation, the physical – chemical analyses were performed to the product of all biodigesters, and the results were very similar among themselves. Biol coming from vegetables was a little bit better than the others since it produced a higher amount of biol generating 0.284 g/L of total nitrogen compounds. It represents a light advantage when comparing it to fruit biol and to the 50/50 mix which produced 0.270 g/L and 0.208 of nitrogen compounds respectively. This research provides environmental benefits since it helps to diminish a great percentage of the waste produced by EP-EMMPA reducing the environmental impact and getting economical profit thanks to its low production costs. It is recommended to implement a biol production system in this market as well as in other city markets since organic residues are usually generated in a high percentage in the above mentioned sale centers and, therefore, they can avoid the creation and use of new landfill sites.