Establecimiento de un potencial protocolo de actuación para la biorremediación de pesticidas organofosforados en las aguas residuales de los Centros de Acopio del Ecuador

Abstract

High levels of organophosphates in vegetables and fruit in the storage centers cause pollution to water resources; it is necessary to establish a potential protocol of action for bioremediation of organophosphate pesticides in waste water of storage centers in Ecuador. For this purpose, the waste water effluent which is released into the environment and mud from the septic tanks located in Guaslán-Ecuador, were analyzed. Mud samples were extracted to obtain and isolate microorganisms with a potential use of bioremediation. For these microorganism isolation a laminar flow camera, autoclave, oven and incubator as well as nutrient Agar and Gym Agar were used. For preservation the slanted glycerol tube technique was used. The tests used for primary characterization of the isolated microorganism were gram strain, catalase test, oxidase test and morphological characterization. Bioassays were performed at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 (ug.L -1 ) selected from toxicity. The microorganism selected for bioremediation activity after performing bioassays were tested for microbial action. The Microgen GN-ID kit was used for the biochemical identification of isolated microorganisms. A total of 12 bacterial species with degrading organophosphate activity were obtained and there is not interaction among them. It is concluded that after establishing some technical criteria, the implementation of a potential protocol of action for bioremediation of organophosphate pesticides in waste water of any storage center in Ecuador is feasible. It is recommended to build a pilot plant, for testing out in the field of technical criteria described in the protocol for mud and inoculum.