Evaluación de la contaminación atmosférica de la ciudad de Ambato relacionada con el material particulado sedimentable

Abstract

This paper is an assessment of air pollution by particulate matter sedimentable in the city of Ambato, it is performed for the purpose of establishing measures to reduce concentrations. A longitudinal quantitative design was used in the period August 2014 to July 2015. It held a passive monitoring, 6 sampling points, based on coverage of the city and ease of access were chosen: UPC Huachi Chico, UC own roof Market model, CNT Izamba, ESFORSE and Family park. The method employed for analysis was of Bergerhoff, jars 15 cm diameter, beakers, hot plate, stove and analytical balance was used by which the gravimetric analysis was performed and the amount of precipitable material was determined in 30 days. For statistical analysis the software Infostat was used by which the test was performed ANOVA and Tukey. Interpolation maps were created with the IDW software tools ArcGIS geographic information systems. The social aspect of this problem is further analyzed by epidemiological surveys and it obtains information about the city. The results of statistical analyzes indicate that there is a difference in the concentrations across all sampling points and that there above the limit of 0.5 (mg/cm 2 ).30days average values in 3 parishes established who: Huachi chico 0.65 (mg/cm 2 ).30days; Izamba 0.66 (mg/cm 2 ).30days, Pishilata 0.56 (mg/cm

vii 2 ).30days in the social sphere was determinated that much of the population suffers from frequent respiratory infections. It is concluded that there are high levels of settleable particulate matter in several areas of the city, which can affect to the health of people. It is recommended to GAD-MA the implementation of the mitigation plan including measures presented reforestation, control activities that generate particulate matter sedimentable and socialization campaigns, it allows concentrations of this pollutant.