Diseño y construcción de un separador ciclónico de entrada tangencial y descarga axial para material particulado de tamaño menor a 40 um

Abstract

This research work is the design and construction of a tangencial inlet cyclone separator with axial discharge for particule material smaller tan 40 µm. The objective is to diminish atmospheric pollution that is generated by anthtopogenic industrial processes. Based on some research, some information about the industrial processes was gathered, as well as their effects on worker’s and nearby population’s health. At the initial stage, the sampling was taken from Unified Text of Environmental Lesgislation Book VI Annex IV Air Quality Environmental Rule. Based on the gravimetric method through particle capture in open containers, it was determined that there was a concentration of particulate material of 10 µm and 2.5 µm. This breaks the rule of air quality; therefore, a characterization was done in order to determine the particle size resulting that 65.87% of the total particles collected had a dimeter greater than 53 µm. The rest is 34.13% that corresponds to particles smaller than or the same as 38 µm of diameter. It was established that the most adequate method of treatment is a cylone separator that removes the particles driven by a gas current based on the principle of intertial impaction generated by a centrifugal force inside the duct. It removes the particulate material and gases. It is concluded that it is necessary to build this cyclone with which it is planned to diminish particulate material by 98%. It is recommended to build cyclonic separators in industries where there is combustion processes and which generate particulate material to comply with the permitted limits shown in the environmental legislative regulations and avoid fines.