Diseño del sistema de gestión integral para el manejo de residuos sólidos hospitalarios en la Unidad Oncológica Solca-Chimborazo

Abstract

It was designed a comprehensive management system for the proper handling of solid waste generated at Oncology Unit SOLCA-Chimborazo (SGIMRSH), for which it took into consideration that in Ecuador the hospital network both public and private produce an average of 80 tons per day of hospital waste; the SGIMRSH design settled components for managing both internal and external management for the proper handling, sorting, transport, storage, deactivation and disposal, establishing the requirements and documents needed to monitor and comply with the objectives specified in the system with a focus on feedback and continuous improvement. To recognize the nature of waste generated, solid waste of the institution was characterized, during the months of sampling a 38.22% of infectious waste; 40.95% common waste; 3.82% special radioactive waste; 12.28% organic waste and 4.73% sharps waste. Common waste has resulted in a 37.26% cardboard, 18.88% paper and 43.86% plastic.

The per-capita production of waste generated was 0.76 kg/patient/day. The environmental impacts caused by the hospital solid waste generation are: 56% severe impacts, 44% moderated impacts, with 10 positive and 62 negative impacts, which could cause problems in the health of the population that is about the institution, this is why the SGIMRSH implementation allowed major environmental benefits, reduced pollution from solid waste hospital. It is recommended to SOLCA-Chimborazo and other health institutions the implementation of the system will allow them to fulfill all the requirements given by environmental regulations.