Evaluación de la eficacia de tres dosis de fertilizante químico en el rendimiento de cuatro cultivares de cebolla colorada (Allium cepa L.)

Abstract

The present research proposes: evaluate the effectiveness of three doses of chemical fertilizer in the performance of four cultivars of red onion (Allium cepa L.) in the Riobamba canton, in the Chimborazo province; to determine the effectiveness of fertilizer in function of the performance; using the design of full blocks random (DBCA) in plots divided with 12 treatments and 3 replications. It was evaluated parameters like: percentage of seizure, plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, days to harvest, bulb shape, bulb weight by categories, performance by categories and total yield per hectare, also it was realized the economic analysis base on Perrin et and the relation Cost Benefit. The best result in terms of height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and bulb weight were obtained with the cultivate Red Star (V3) and high dose fertilization (D3) 210, 240, and 270 kg/ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, the total crop yield of red onion, the best result was achieved with the cultivate Francisca (V1) and dose fertilization of 140, 160 and 180 kg/ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively (average dose) obtaining a performance of 44,09 tn/Ha, the treatment (T2), It was achieved the highest marginal rate of return to 325.20% and the greatest benefit-cost (B/C), of 1.90 and a profitability of 90.15%. Since an agricultural of and economic point of view, it was recommended, the use of cultivating of Francisca, with a dose of soil fertilization 140, 160 and 180 kg/ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, treatment (T2) with witch it was obtain the greatest of performance 44 tn/ha. CLUE WORDS: [CHEMICAL FERTILIZER], [RED ONION], [AGRONOMIC EVALUATION].