Control del áfido (Brevicoryne brassicae) en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger) bajo condiciones semicontroladas, usando seis extractos botánicos de plantas de la amazonía

Abstract

The main of this study is to control the aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) for planting broccoli (Brassica oleracea. var. avenger) under semi controlled conditions by using 6 botanical extracts from plants coming from the Amazon Region, to be analysed in Riobamba, province of Chimborazo. The desing was completely randomized with ten treatments and five repetitions, with two positive controls (Imidacloprid y Clorpyrifos), two negative controls (water and soap solution) and six botanical insecticides. In the process, one plant per pot was transplanted, then, after four days these plants were infested with twenty aphids and letely, after seven days the application of the treatments was carried out. Two trials were conducted, in the first one; the treatments were applied once and three evaluations conducted at three, seven and fifteen days after the application (DAA) whereas, in the second treatment; three applications of the treatments were conducted after seven days and the evaluation was conducted after three days of each application. In order to measure the efficiency of treatments, the number of living individuals was counted. In both tests, the positive controls remained at zero for the population of living individuas, in contrast to the negative control (water) where the population increased to eighty individuals for the first trial and reaching nine hundred individuals in the second trial. In the first trial at three (DAA) Lonchocarpus nicou behaved statistically similar to the positive control but at seven and fifteen (DAA) it did not. In the second trial the soap solution reduced the population to 50% and the best extract reduces to one hundred ninety aphids; during the first and second application; Whiteringia solanácea and Clibadium sp are statistically similar to the positive control. It was determined that any botanical extract has residual effect, W solanácea and Clibadium sp could be used in conventional and organic farming as an alternative product for controlling B. brassicae. Keywords: aphid mealy, botanical extracts, planting broccoli, Biological control.