Determinación de la concentración de Material Particulado del Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Riobamba en el Período 2014

Abstract

The concentration of particulate matter 10 micrometers size (PM ) and 2,5 micrometers in the historic center of Riobamba, for which three strategic points at which actual samples were made minute by minute were chosen for 4 hours. Strategic points for sampling were selected considering population density as well as meteorogical factors suggested by the World Health Organization. The study was conducted in order to determine the concentration of particles existing in the city and thus forewarn the welfare of people that come together in the city center. Chi- Square test, T- Student test were used in the statistical part. Data were collected to obtain the concentration of particulate matter in µg/m xvii

3 10 by the average flow rate reference conditions set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) given in m 3 /min, with the following results: the concentration of PM in the Historic Center of Riobamba is superior to an extent of 1,76 times against the provisions of the regulations of the Ministry of Environment of Ecuador which determines that it should not exceed 100 ug / m 10 3 in 24 hours. The concentration of PM in the Historic Center of Riobamba is more than 1,5 times; against the provisions of the legislation which suggests that it should not exceed 50 µg/m 3 in 24 hours. In 66,67% of the experimental units the size of the study sample concentration of particulate matter PM appears greater than that of the rules related to the Ministerial Agreement 050 of the Ministry of Environment of Ecuador, constituting this result in calling attention to the danger that such material is for human and animal health.