Diseño, modelación, simulación e implementación de un sistema de control de temperatura para la ducha eléctrica.

Abstract

With the present work is pretended to save water in the electric showers since a near future will have a big demand as a means of instant heating due to in the country exists an energetic policy to eliminate gradually the subsidy to gas (GLP) , for which would involve a less usage of water-heaters. The form of water saving is made with the implementing of an automatic control system of closed loops whose physical variables are temperature and flow, the reason is implementing this control system is due to that a variation exists in the water temperature in regardless of the pressure modification of the hydraulic network or for the evacuation of water in toilets and/or washbasins. During the development of this work has been analyzed three alternatives of functioning of the control system; one of them is fixing the opening of the valve of the manual control and that the controller orders the activation of the heat source in periods of time, the other alternative is keeping the 100% of functioning of the electric resistance and the variation of opening of the control valve ordinated by a microcontroller and finally alternative that combined both previous systems. Through the mathematic modeling of the thermo-hydraulic physical system corresponding to the electric shower and the according simulation in the program Simulink was verified that the answer of water temperature to the outlet to the shower is similar to the obtained experimentally. Furthermore, the behavior curves of the water temperature were elaborated with different actions of control such as: ON-OFF and the proportional action. Finally with the proposed alternatives were obtained that the necessary water flow to maintain a constant temperature of 35 ° C is of 2.2 LTM, this value of flow rate permits a saving of water volume of approximately 30%.