Caracterización y Digestión Anaeróbica de Vinazas Destiladas del Ecuador.

Abstract

Due to the necessity of lessening the environmental impact that produces the vinasse, main residual effluent of the stills, the present thesis has the purpose of investigating through the experiment the different parameters that are given in the fermentation anaerobic of the vinasse, and with the analysis of the obtained results to propose the most appropriate use in the products of this process like they are the biogas and organic acids. Sample s were gathered of: fresh vinasse of the stills of CODANA and PRODUCARGO, and of the sludge of the pool of oxidation of CODANA. Each sample was homogenized previous to its characterization, he/she was carried out the preparation and adaptation of the inócu lo with the sludge of the pool of oxidation, bovine manure and the climbed addition of the vinasse giving good results with a remarkable reduction of the time used in the outburst of the reactors, also producing bigger methane volume in smaller time. They got ready reactors for each sample besides one for the target; they settled the reactors to 20% and 10 inóculo %, in each case a characterization of the reactants was made before, during and at the end of the process besides tabulating the production of the gas methane through the time. The reactors stayed in normal conditions of temperature and pressure being obtained removal of the order of the (50 - 70) % that agree with the ranges that are obtained in anaerobic digestion processes. The obta ined results indicate that the vinasse of CODANA regarding that of PRODUCARGO is the most polluting for its high content of DQO. With the inóculo to 20% of bovine manure the best results were obtained: 70% for CODANA and 58% for PRODUCARGO; it was also de monstrated that the lagoon of CODANA is not of oxidation, but rather it is an anaerobic lagoon.