Determinación del efecto antagónico de Cepas Nativas de Trichoderma spp. frente a Mycosphaerella fijiensis en plantas de banano a nivel de invernadero

Abstract

It was conducted a process of isolation, purification and identification of 10 native strains of Trichoderma sp and 1 strain of Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet from several banana zones of the country, both conventional as organic ones with feasibility to be used as alternative control of Black Sigatoka ( Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet ) in banana plantations. Subsequently, the rate of radial growth of 10 native strains of Trichoderma sp was assessed, in order to conduct a molecular and morphological identification. It was evaluated the in vitro antagonistic effect of Trichoderma vs. Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, where the best antagonistic control was the one belonging to the CCEC H - Pasaje strain ( Trichoderma harzianum ). In order to determine the antagonistic effect of Trichoderrma on M. fijiensis ; it was formulated a bio - fungicide based on Trichoderma harzianum ; which was evaluated under controlled greenhouse conditions, by experie ncing 7 treatments 1,2 and 7, the onset of symtomps is observed up to 64 days after trial evaluation, in treatment 3, the healthy leaves remain until day 10 th after the inoculation, and there is an evolution of symptoms until the states 3 and 4, treatments 4,5 and 6 show an evolution of symptoms until state 1. CCECH - Pasaje strain ( Trichoderma harzianum ) was the best antagonistic control in each trial since, by means of the formulation of a fungicide based on this strain; it is possible to control the phytop athogen agents that decrease productivity of several crops of economic interest for Ecuador, in addition of maintaining the protection of the environment and human health.