Evaluación de la actividad antifúngica en Moniliophthora roreri de frutos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L) de extractos de látex de sande de Brosimum utile kunth

Abstract

An evaluation of antifungal activity in Moniliophthora roreri isolated from fruit of cacao tree ( Theobroma cacao L) latex Sande Brosimum utile Kunth extract was developed in the laboratories of: natural phytochemical products from Biochemistry and Microbiology pharmacy School of Sciences Faculty at the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo to determine the metabolites with potential applications in the pests and diseases treatment. It collected a sample of latex Sande of B.utile specie from la Belleza parish at Orellana province. After that were determined the organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, phytochemical screening was performed and the removal of terpene fraction and alkaloid. While, the plant pathogen was isol ated successfully in agar Sabouraud, for this were located cocoa plots infect by the fungus and a simple random of spoil fruits was performed. In screening was determined fatty compounds, terpenes and/or steroids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, resins and saponins. The performance laboratory scale of terpene fraction was bether from the alkaloids. In the evaluation of the antifungal activity the total terpene extract showed activity in M. roreri to 2.000 ppm while the alkaloid extract 500 ppm shows antifun gal activity against the phytopathogen. Therefore applications can be performed in the agriculture mainly in the control of pest and diseases. The terpenes identifified in the hexane extract and chloroform extract alkaloids of latex Sande Brosimum utile ha ve antifungical activity in vitro. It is recommend to identify molecularly the type of terpenes and alkaloids existent in latex Sande to attribute more accurately the responsible for the antifungal activity.