Desnutrición intrahospitalaria: ELAN - ECUADOR. Hospital Miguel H. Alcívar. Cantón Sucre, Manabí 2011.

Abstract

Objective of this research was to establish the prevalence of hospital malnutrition and the social and demographic determinants such as clinicalsurgical condition, hospitalization and quality of care at the Hospital Miguel H. Alcívar-Manabí. It was implemented a non-experimental study design transversal type which involved 150 patients over 18 years with hospital stays longer than 24 hours and less than 6 months. Patients showed their medical history and participate in the research with their consent. Each patient was administered two surveys: the Subjective Global Assessment and the Hospital Nutrition survey. For data analysis the JMP statistical software version 5.1 was used. Single variable analysis was performed to establish the prevalence of determinants and its association with the outcome variable. The statistical tests applied were probability, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion and the X 2 test. Prevalence of malnutrition on 28.7% (between moderate and severe) was found. 46% of patients received regular care quality. There was a statistically significant relationship between the underlying disease and nutritional status.It was detected more likely to find malnourished to those coming from a Stratum Popular Low, female gender, and older patients although these differences were not statistically significant. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of malnutrition in patients, confirmed by the Subjective Global Assessment, which proves to be a simple and low cost tool. It was also detected poor assessment practice, counseling and nutritional control. It is recommended to implement a nutritional quality care team in the hospital in order to reduce patient´s hospital malnutrition and its consequences.